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Environmental Management / Экологический менеджмент

Целью курса является формирование у студентов представления об экологическом менеджменте как общепризнанном организационно-управленческом инструменте практического решения экологических проблем и обеспечения национальной безопасности в экологической сфере.

В число задач курса входит:

- получить представление о новых подходах к решению экологических проблем, связанных с переходом к современным рыночным механизмам экологического регулирования;

- ознакомиться со стандартами, международными рекомендациями и ключевыми понятиями системы экологического менеджмента;

- ознакомиться с практикой применения системы экологического менеджмента на предприятиях разного профиля в сочетании со стандартами ИСО-14000;

- получить общее представление об экологическом маркетинге и сертификации;

- получить представление об экологическом управлении.

Дисциплина разработана:

- Васильевой Т. В. (Псковский государственный университет)

Дисциплина предназначена для магистрантов направления "Биология" (магистерская программа "Экология")

Международное сотрудничество в области охраны природы

Целью курса формирование представлений об основных направлениях и формах международного сотрудничества в области охраны окружающей среды.

Дисциплина разработана:

- Васильевой Т. В. (Псковский государственный университет)

- для студентов-магистрантов 2 года обучения (направление "Биология" магистерская программа "Биоразнообразие")

Environmental Disasters Governance

The course aims to educate participants in how modern societies are responding to natural disasters – give an overview of those in a variety of regions, and focus on how disasters or risk of their occurrence can be dealt with using the Governance concept. Societies, different stockholders, including governments, will be studied in the context of how they react to, affected by, and live with natural disasters, and how they can manage the risks of these adverse events.

Developed by:

- Denis Alexeev (Russian State Hydrometeorological University)
- Anna Kanukhina (Russian State Hydrometeorological University)
- Nikolai Bobylev (Staint-Petersburg State University)
- Irina Krivulia (Pskov State University)
- Irina Shilova (Belarusian-Russian University)

Piloted at Pskov State University (2013.04.04-2013.04.15) for the 4th year students (specialty "Bioecology")

Экологическая экспертиза и аудит

В условиях современного, быстро меняющегося мира человечество все в больших масштабах способствует преобразованию и деградации естественных природных комплексов. Конечность многих природных ресурсов и их быстрое исчерпания ставит перед обществом новые проблемы, связанные с самим его существование в ближайшей и отдаленной перспективе. Только грамотное и бережное использование природных богатств, основанное на современных научных знаниях, с применением современных ресурсосберегающих технологий и безотходных производственных циклов способно уберечь человечество от эколого-ресурсной катастрофы в будущем.  В курсе «Экологическая экспертиза  и аудит» рассматриваются: понятия охраны окружающей среды и природопользования, экологического права и менеджмента, проблемы прикладной, промышленной и инженерной экологии, экотоксикологии, урбоэкологии и других наук, на которых основываются все современные нормативно-правовые документы, призванные регламентировать и гармонизировать отношения в системе «человек-общество-природа».

В процессе освоения материала дисциплины студентам предоставляется возможность детального изучения правовой и нормативной баз данных по охране окружающей природной среды регионального, государственного и международного уровней. Студенты получают представление о принципах экологической оценки (ЭО), о процедуре организации и проведения государственной и общественной экологической экспертизы, о составе, порядке оформления и представления проектной документации, о механизме и оценке воздействия промышленности на окружающую среду и экологическом обосновании хозяйственной деятельности, содержании и оформлении стандартной документации экологического контроля.

В разработке дисциплины принимали участие:

- Дрозденко Т. В. (Псковский государственный университет)
- Михалап С. Г. (Псковский государственный университет)

Дисциплина разработана для студентов-бакалавров 3 курса направления подготовки "Биология" (профиль "Биоэкология")

Governance of Ecosystem Services

The interdisciplinary course Governance of Ecosystem Services aims to introduce students into new instruments of nature conservation. The course on Governance of Ecosystem Services is based on three pillars:
1) Ecosystem Science, studying the various ecosystems, their components and elements;
2) Economics – using economic methods of assessment of Ecosystem Services; and
3) Political Science – applying the planning and management instruments in decision making process.

Emphasis will be placed on implementation of new concepts and instruments to the Ecosystems Governance. In addition, the course includes sessions with practical exercises on methods of assessment and demonstrating good and bad practices. The course will give a broader perspective of international context of Ecosystem Services and will inform students about real cases from Ukraine, Russia and the world.

Developed by:

- Oleksandr Rudyk (Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, Ukraine)
- Gregory Prokopov (Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, Ukraine)
- Inna Rybalka (Kharkiv National Academy of Municipal Economy, Ukraine)
- Oksana Lenevych (Institute of Carpathian Ecology, Ukraine)
- Ivanna Storozhuk (Institute of Carpathian Ecology, Ukraine)
- Elena Shestakova (Siberian Federal University, Russia)
- Viktoria Platonova (Far Eastern Federal University, Russia)

Piloted at Pskov State University (2014.02.14 - 2014.02.22) for the 4th year students (specialty "Bioecology")

Modelling Agrophytocoenosis Productivity

Modelling of Agrophytocoenosis Productivity under Conditions of the Climate Change

 

Goals and objectives of the course

The discipline is aimed at studying approaches and methodology of mathematical modelling of the climate change impact on growth, development and yield productivity of agrophytocoenoses.

The objectives of the course are as follows:

Study into the types of models for production process in plants.

Study into the models of natural phytocoenoses productivity.

Acquisition of skills for assessment of the climate change impact on agroclimate resources and productivity of an agricultural plant.

The matter at issue within the course is the study of up-to-date models for agrophytocoenoses productivity and their use for assessment of the climate change impact on agroclimate resources and crop productivity under the most probable climate change scenarios recognized by the scientific community.

The main topics for the course.

1. Modelling of the production process in plants

2. Modelling of the process of yield formation.

3. Assessment of the change in agroclimate conditions for growing winter wheat in the autumn-winter period

4. Assessment of the change in agroclimate conditions for growing winter wheat in the spring-summer period.

5. Assessment of the change in the photosynthetic productivity of winter wheat according to various climate change scenarios

6. Assessment of the change in fluctuations of the winter wheat productivity due to the climate change. Assessment of fluctuations in the gross grain yield of winter wheat in accordance with various climate change scenarios

Developed by: Anatolii M. Polovyi (Odessa State Environmental University)

Fundamentals of Agroecological Monitoring and Assessment

Study of the discipline is aimed at students’ learning the basic principles for organization and functioning of the system for control, evaluation and forecasting the state of agroecosystems as well as the nature of influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on them.

 

The task of the discipline is to provide the students with abilities:

- to observe the main environmental factors;

- to observe the biotic part of agroecosystems;

- to observe the pollution of agricultural production facilities as a result of anthropogenic activity;

- to characterize the types of soil monitoring;

- to determine the main principles for monitoring pollution of soils with pesticides, heavy metals and radionuclides;

- to determine the main principles for phytosanitary monitoring;

- to study the basic methods for agroecological assessment.

 

The object of study: up-to-date methods for observation of the change in the state of main agroecosystem components as a result of anthropogenic activity.

 

Main topics for the course:

 

1. Agroecological monitoring and its tasks  

1.1 Origin, object and methods, goals and objectives of agroecological monitoring.

1.2 Monitoring of the abiotic part of an agroecosystem.

1.3 Observation on the edaphogenic factors.

1.4 Monitoring of the biotic part of an agroecosystem. 

2. Soil environmental monitoring

2.1 The methods for organization and the types of soil monitoring.

2.2 Organization of monitoring of pesticide soil pollution.

2.2 Organization of monitoring of heavy metal soil pollution.

2.4 Monitoring of the radioactive pollution of agricultural lands.

3. Other types of monitoring of agrarian production

3.1 Monitoring of reclamative agriculture.

3.2 Phytosanitary monitoring.

4. Observation on environmental safety of agrarian products

4.1 Monitoring of the pollution of agricultural product with heavy metals and radionuclides.

4.2 Monitoring of the pollution of agricultural product with nitrates and pesticides.

5. Agroecological assessment

Developed by: Anatolii M. Polovyi (Odessa State Environmental University)

Modern Aspects of Agroclimate Resource Assessment

Aim and tasks of the course consist in the study of approaches and methodology for mathematical modelling of radiation-light and thermal resources in the vegetation period; agroclimatic assessment of moisture resources and provision of cultivated plants with moisture, as well as their productivity.

Main tasks of the course:

Study of approaches to the integrated assessment of radiation-light and thermal resources.

Study of approaches to the integrated assessment of moisture resources and provision of cultivated plants with moisture.

Study of approaches to the integrated assessment of productivity and yield quality in cultivated plants.

Study of the basic agroclimate model for assessment of agroclimate resources and crop productivity.

Acquisition of skills of operating a model for assessment of agroclimate resources and crop productivity.

 

The subject matter at issue within the course is a study into the up-to-date approaches and methodology for mathematical modelling of radiation-light and thermal resources in the vegetation period; agroclimatic assessment of moisture resources and provision of cultivated plants with moisture, as well as plant productivity.

 

Main topics for the course.

1. Integrated assessment of radiation-light and thermal resources.

2. Integrated assessment of resources of moisture and provision of cultivated plants with moisture.

3. Integrated assessment of the productivity and yield quality of cultivated plants.

4. Basic agroclimate model for assessment of agroclimate resources and crop productivity.

5. Assessment of agroclimate conditions for crop-growing.

6. Assessment of crop productivity.

Developed by: Anatolii M. Polovyi (Odessa State Environmental University)

Long-Term Agrometeorological Forecasting

Study of the discipline is aimed at  provision of the most up-to-date knowledge of students  in the patterns for crop productivity formation and productive moisture deposits during a vegetation period in connection with agrometeorological conditions, on the methods  for  long-term agrometeorological forecasting of the rate of the expected crop yields, the quality of yields,  provision of plants with heat and moisture during the vegetation period, overwintering  of winter crops and their condition as of the vegetation renewal.

 

The main tasks of the discipline are the following:

- Study of the methods for calculation and prognostication of the expected values of agrometeorological indices with ample advance time;

- Study of the methods for forecasting changes in the values of main factors for the life of plants and the influence of these changes on crop productivity;

- Study of the methods  for forecasting the expected crop yields with ample advance time, occurrence of vermin and diseases and quality of yields;

- Acquisition of skills for calculation of agrometeorological indices of the most important environmental factors and their influence on crop growth, development and productivity.

 

The object of the discipline is: up-to-date scientific developments in the methods for calculation of the expected agrometeorological values based on experimental researches and statistical developments.

The subject of the discipline is methods for long-term agrometeorological forecasting.

 

Main topics for the discipline:    

1. Patterns of formation of the productive moisture deposits during various seasons and forecasting of moisture deposits under the crops.

2. Methods for forecasting provision of crops with heat and moisture during the vegetation period;

3. Assessment of agrometeorological conditions for the autumn vegetation of winter crops and forecasting of overwintering and condition of winter grain-crops as of the vegetation renewal;

4. Long-term forecasting of crop yield quantity and quality.

5. Forecasting the occurrence of crop vermin and diseases;

6. Forecasting the irrigation norms as well as terms and standards for crop watering.

Developed by: Anatolii M. Polovyi (Odessa State Environmental University)

Vulnerability and adaptation of social-ecological systems

Individuals and institutions are increasingly faced with the need to anticipate and adapt to new environmental circumstances. Environmental change is often and increasingly linked with changes in closely coupled socio-economic spheres of life. Adaptation and adaptive management represent paradigms based on the notion that change trajectories in complex social-ecological systems are often hard to anticipate, involve significant risk, and require reflexive responses grounded in continuous observation, learning and adjustment. Resilience is thus a characteristic of a social-ecological system that successfully and continuously adapts to changing circumstances, while maintaining desirable levels of human and ecosystem wellbeing. The course will introduce students to vulnerability and adaptation studies, including (but not limited to) concepts, tools and methods of vulnerability, adaptation and resilience, and to management approaches developed with advances in adaptation science in mind. Although a significant portion of the course will draw on examples from climate change adaptation case studies and practices, its scope is broader, and other significant aspects of global environmental change will also be covered.

Land-use governance

The course on land-use governance presents a broader analytical perspective on land-use policy, planning, and management. Building on the body of scholarship on natural resources governance developed over the last two decades, the course offers an overview of rule-making, planning, and conflict resolution approaches in land use. In addition, the course includes sessions on land-use modeling, scenario-building, and backcasting, as well as essential field research skills. Two core components of the course are (1) interactive theory, methodology and skills sessions, and (2) moderated independent work that includes group field research and development of individual papers.